Tax Treatment
In determining our reporting responsibilities, we intend to treat the notes for U.S.federal income taxpurposes as "open transactions"
that are not debt instruments,as described in the section entitled "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences -Tax
Consequences to U.S. Holders-Notes Treated as Open Transactions That Are Not DebtInstruments" in the accompanying product
supplement no. 4-I. Based on the advice of Davis Polk & WardwellLLP, our special tax counsel, we believethat this is a reasonable
treatment,but that there are other reasonable treatments that the IRS or acourt may adopt, in whichcase the timing and character of
anyincome or loss on the notes could be materially andadversely affected.
No statutory, judicial or administrative authority directlyaddresses the characterization of the notes (or similar instruments) for U.S.
federal income tax purposes, and no ruling isbeing requested from the IRS with respect to their proper characterization and treatment.
Assuming that "open transaction" treatment is respected, the gain or loss on your notesshould be treated aslong-term capital gain or
loss if you hold your notes formore than a year, whether or not you are an initial purchaser of the notesat the issue price. However, the
IRS or acourt may not respect the treatment of the notes as"open transactions," in whichcase the timing and character of any income
or losson the notes could be materiallyandadverselyaffected. For instance, the notescould be treatedascontingent payment debt
instruments, in which case the gain onyour notes would be treated asordinary income and you would be required to accrue original
issue discount on your notes in each taxable year at the "comparable yield," asdetermined byus, although we will not makeany
payment with respect to the notes until maturity.
In addition, in 2007 Treasury and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of "prepaid
forwardcontracts" and similar instruments. The notice focuses in particular on whether to require investorsin these instruments to
accrue income over the term of their investment. It also asksfor comments on a number of related topics, including the character of
income or loss with respect tothese instruments; the relevance of factors such as the nature of the underlying property towhichthe
instrumentsarelinked; thedegree, if any, to which income (including anymandated accruals) realized bynon-U.S. investors should be
subject to withholding tax; and whether these instruments are or should be subject to the "constructive ownership"regime, whichvery
generally can operate to recharacterize certain long-term capital gain as ordinary income and impose a notional interest charge. While
the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance
promulgated after consideration of these issuescouldmaterially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the
notes, possibly with retroactive effect. You should review carefully the section entitled "Material U.S. Federal Income Tax
Consequences" in the accompanying product supplement and consult your taxadviser regardingthe U.S. federalincome tax
consequences of an investment in the notes, including possible alternative treatments and the issuespresented bythis notice.
Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder ("Section 871(m)") generally impose a 30% withholding
tax (unlessan income tax treaty applies) on dividend equivalentspaid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain
financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities. Section 871(m) provides certain exceptions to this
withholding regime, including for instruments linked to certain broad-based indices that meet requirements set forth in theapplicable
Treasury regulations. Additionally, a recent IRS notice excludes fromthescope of Section 871(m) instruments issuedprior toJanuary
1, 2027 that do not have a delta of one with respect to underlying securities that could payU.S.-source dividends for U.S. federal
income taxpurposes (each an "Underlying Security"). Based on certain determinations made byus, we expect that Section 871(m) will
not apply tothenotes with regard to Non-U.S. Holders. Our determination is not binding on the IRS, andthe IRS may disagree with this
determination. Section 871(m) iscomplex and its application maydependon your particular circumstances, including whether you enter
intoother transactions with respect to an Underlying Security. If necessary, further information regarding the potentialapplication of
Section 871(m) will be provided in the pricingsupplement for the notes. You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential
application of Section 871(m) to thenotes.
The Estimated Value of the Notes
The estimated value of the notes set forth on the cover of this pricing supplement isequal to thesum of thevalues of thefollowing
hypothetical components: (1) a fixed-income debt component with the same maturityasthe notes, valuedusing the internal funding
rate described below, and (2) the derivative or derivatives underlyingthe economic terms of the notes. The estimated value of the notes
does not represent a minimum price at which JPMS would be willing to buy your notes in any secondary market (if any exists) at any
time. The internal funding rate used in the determination of the estimatedvalueof the notesmaydiffer from the market-impliedfunding
rate for vanilla fixed income instruments of a similar maturityissuedbyJPMorgan Chase & Co. or its affiliates. Anydifference may be
based on, among other things, our and our affiliates'view of the funding value of the notesas well as the higher issuance,operational
and ongoing liabilitymanagement costs of thenotesin comparison to those costs for the conventional fixed income instruments of
JPMorgan Chase & Co. This internal funding rate is based on certain market inputsand assumptions, which mayprove to be incorrect,
and is intended to approximate theprevailingmarket replacement funding rate for the notes. The use of an internal funding rateand
anypotential changes to that rate mayhave an adverse effect on the terms of the notesand any secondary market prices of the notes.
For additional information, see "Selected Risk Considerations- Risks Relating to the Estimated Value and Secondary Market Prices of
the Notes -The Estimated Value of the Notes Is Derived by Reference to an Internal Funding Rate" in thispricing supplement.